Electricity and Electronics

What are electrons?

1. a slightly modern view: https://www.wtamu.edu/~cbaird/sq/2014/02/07/what-is-the-shape-of-an-electron/
2. atomic structure: https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=h6LPAwAmnCQ&t=49s

Watch some videos on how electricity can kill you. Keep notes about the important vocabulary. Be able to explain how electricity can kill you.

Watch these videos in this order:

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y_cWTWB-N_I
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bqIVwa9VFDM
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9iKD7vuq-rY
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rtnmCf2QFTc

Where does the 'electricity' go? What happens to the electrons?

1. https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/233851/where-does-electricity-go-after-being-used
2. https://www.wtamu.edu/~cbaird/sq/2016/03/17/does-a-source-of-electricity-ever-run-out-of-electrons/

Watch this woman explain how to use a multimeter. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SECWePatYjY

• https://www.wondriumdaily.com/how-do-batteries-work-and-run-out/
• https://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/science/physics-and-astronomy/physics/how-do-batteries-work
• batteries, capacity, maximum current explainer: https://www.pololu.com/blog/2/understanding-battery-capacity-ah-is-not-a

• https://www.panasonic-eneloop.eu/en/news/how-do-rechargeable-batteries-work
• https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/everyday-tech/battery5.htm
• https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Analytical_Chemistry)/Electrochemistry/Exemplars/Rechargeable_Batteries

• https://uk.rs-online.com/web/generalDisplay.html?id=ideas-and-advice/resistors-guide
• https://www.wikihow.com/Identify-Resistors
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistor
• https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/video-lectures/electronic-components-resistors/

Measuring resistance:

1. measure the resistance in a resistor
2. measure the resistance in a potentiometer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SECWePatYjY

https://randomnerdtutorials.com/electronics-basics-how-a-potentiometer-works/

Measure your resistors and potentiometers.

https://www.circuitbasics.com/how-to-read-schematics/ https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/how-to-read-a-schematic/all

https://openpress.usask.ca/physics155/

Especially see halfway down the page the section on “Anatomy of a Breadboard”:

https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/how-to-use-a-breadboard/all

https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/button-and-switch-basics/all

• https://www.swe-check.com.au/editorials/understanding_relays.php
• https://tutorial.cytron.io/2012/08/01/identify-terminal-pins-of-a-relay-without-reference-to-datasheet-2/

First one is a good tutorial on building the circuit; I followed this spec. The second one is a good explanation of why it works.

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vEB51qd21Do
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EZ0YZcC84m4

This is a good technical description of the astable multivibrator:

• https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/waveforms/astable.html

Here's an astable multivibrator with potentiometer to control oscillation speed.

Use an astable vibrator to produce audio:

A good tutorial on force-sensitive resistors: https://lastminuteengineers.com/fsr-arduino-tutorial/

Here's a circuit which uses an FSR to control an LED.

• compare the difference between three LEDs in series and parallel
• a circuit with a switch to alternate between green and red LEDs

https://www.chaotic-circuits.com/

breadboard speakers:

• https://www.instructables.com/Breadboard-Speaker/
• https://www.instructables.com/LETS-MAKE-a-PORTABLE-SPEAKER-ON-a-BREADBOARD/

• https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/19/arts/sound-the-importance-of-the-loudspeaker-box.html

https://northcoastsynthesis.com/synth-diy-projects/

• https://hillmancurtis.com/universal-pcb/
• https://www.instructables.com/How-to-Prototype-Without-Using-Printed-Circuit-Boa/

Here's a first circuit to practice.

Once you have done that, try making this oscillator on a circuit board and then installed in a plastic container.

https://resources.altium.com/p/how-design-custom-arduino-shield-board

This code will allow you to display the data from a UV sensor attached to your Arduino.